Athol Fugard chronology

 

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  Plays   Films, books, history etc  
                                        Fugard others   others Fugard                                       
     
Oscar Wilde
1892 Lady Wyndemere´s Fan by Oscar Wilde
1890 1896 The Weir of Hermiston
by Robert Louis Stevenson, novel
1898 Bertolt Brecht born, Germany
Gandhi
1893 Gandhi arrives in South Africa
1897 Helen Martins (Mecca) born
Anglo-Boer War
1899-1902 Anglo Boer war. Concentration camps
introduced by the British.
1904 Peter Pan by J.M. Barrie 1900 1903 novelist Alan Paton born
1903 playwright Herbert Dhlomo born
1903 The Souls of Black Folk by W.E.B. Dubois
1906 Clifford Odets born
1901 Hendrik Verwoerd born in Amsterdam,
The Netherlands
Boer War
1902 Anglo Boer war ends
  1910 Cape, Natal, Orange Free State and Transvaal
form union
  1911 Tennessee Williams born
  1912 Eugene Ionesco born, Romania
  1913 Albert Camus born, Algeria
Land Act restricts land ownership for blacks
George Bernard Shaw
Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw
1914 First World War
  1915 Gandhi leaves South Africa to return to India
  1916 P.W. Botha born
  1917 John F. Kennedy born USA
  1918 Nelson Mandela born
First World War ends
  1919 Jan Smuts
General Jan Smuts becomes prime minister
(to 1924)
  1920  
Pirandello
Six Characters in Search of an Author by Luigi Pirandello
1921 Einstein receive Nobel Prize for physics
  1922 James Joyce
Ulysses by James Joyce, novel
  1923  
Juno and the Paycock by Sean O´Casey 1924 James Hertzog becomes prime minister (to 1939)
  1925 Frantz Fanon born
Afrikaans (a form of Dutch spoken by descendents
of white settlers) and English proclaimed
official languages
  1926  
  1927  
Brecht
The Threepenny Opera by Bertolt Brecht
1928  
  1929 The Sound and the Fury by William Faulkner, novel
Private Lives by Noël Coward 1930  
  1931  
  1932 Fugard born Middelburg
  1933 Barnie Simon born
  1934 Wole Soyinka born, Nigeria
Murder in the Cathedral by T.S. Eliot
Odets Awake and Sing
Awake and Sing by Clifford Odets
1935 Zakes Mokae born
Fugard moves to Port Elizabeth
The Girl who Killed to Save by Herbert Dhlomo 1936 Eugene Marais
Eugene Marais dies
Luigi Pirandello dies
F.W. de Klerk born
  1937  
Out Town by Thornton Wilder 1938 Brighton Rock by Graham Greene, novel
Burgers van die Berge/My Friends the Baboons
by Eugene Marais
Fugard attends the Catholic Marist Brothers
College (he isn´t a Catholic)
Eugene O'Neill
A Long Day's Journey into the Night by Eugene O'Neill
1939 Breyten Breytenbach born
Sigmund Freud dies
Jan Smuts becomes prime minister (to 1948)
The Rude Criminal by Gaur Radebe 1940  
  1941 Mannie Manim born
  1942 Albert Camus
The Stranger by Albert Camus, novel
Nelson Mandela joins ANC
The Pass by Herbert Dhlomo 1943  
  1944  
  1945 Second World War in Europe over
  1946 Second World War in Asia over
Stephen Biko born
Fugard attends Port Elizabeth Technical College
studying motor mechanics
A Streetcar Named Desire by Tennessee Williams 1947  
  1948 Alan Paton
Alan Paton´s Cry the Beloved Country published
D.F. Malan
D.F. Malan becomes prime minister (to 1954)
Apartheid laws
Mahatma Gandhi dies India
Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller 1949 Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell, novel
  1950 South Africans categorised as white, black or
coloured
Jan Smuts dies
  1951 Fugard attends University of Cape Town
studying philosophy and social anthropology.
While here Fugard becomes university
boxing champion.
The Mousetrap by Agatha Christie 1952 Ralph Elison
Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison, novel
Black Skin White Masks by Frantz Fanon
Waiting for Godot by Samuel Beckett 1953 Eugene O'Neill dies
Fugard abandons university and hitchhikes across
Africa and then on the SS Graigaur from
Port Sudan to Ceylon, Singapore, Japan, Fiji
Jean Genet
Deathwatch by Jean Genet
1954 G. Strijdom becomes prime minister (to 1958)
  1955 Stirling Moss
Mille Miglia grand prix race with Stirling Moss
Fugard founds Circle Players in Cape Town
The Cell
Klaas and the Devil
Long Day's Journey into the Night by Eugene O'Neill
Look Back in Anger by John Osborne
A Hatful of Rain by Michael Gazzo
1956 Bertolt Brecht dies Germany
Herbert Dhlomo dies
Fugard marries novelist Sheila Meiring
1957  
No-Good Friday
Kimberley Train by Lewis Sowden
1958 Hendrik Verwoerd
Hendrik Verwoerd becomes prime minister (to 1966)
Fugard moves to Johannesburg
Fugard becomes a clerk in the Fordsburg Native Commissioner´s Court (lasts six months)
Becomes stage  manager with the National Theatre Organisation
Nongogo
Rhinoceros by Eugene Ionesco
Roots by Arnold Wesker
Try for White by Basil Warner
King Kong by Matschikiza, Bloom
1959 Tsotsi novel (published 1980)
Bantu act
Fugard moves to London
The Caretaker by Harold Pinter 1960 Notebooks (to 1977)
Albert Camus dies, Algeria
Sharpeville Massacre
John F. Kennedy
John F. Kennedy elected President USA
Fugard returns to South Africa
The Blood Knot 1961 Frantz Fanon dies
Fugard´s daughter Lisa born
Fugard´s father dies
Fugard working in The Rehearsal Room
Julius Nyrere leads Tanganyika to independence
Yuri Gagarin becomes first man in space
South Africa becomes a republic
  1962 Zakes Mokae stars in anti-apartheid film
A World of Strangers, filmed illegally
Fugard encourages British playwrights to boycott
segregated audiences
Nelson Mandela imprisoned on Robben Island
A Dance in the Forest by Wole Soyinka 1963 Clifford Odets
Clifford Odets dies
Fugard works with Serpent Players in Port Elizabeth
John F. Kennedy assassinated USA
  1964 The Occupation, film
Frederik John Harris plants a bomb in Johannesburg station (the basis for Fugard's Orestes)
Hello and Goodbye
Loot by Joe Orton
Kanna Hy Ko Hystoe by Adam Small
1965 Yukio Mishima
First part of novel sequence Sea of Fertility
Yukio Mishima
Ian Smith declares white-ruled Rhodesia independent
The Coat
Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead by Tom Stoppard
1966 Stephen Biko attends university
Hendrik Verwoerd murdered
  1967 The Blood Knot, film
B.J. Vorster becomes prime minister (to  1978)
Fugard´s passport withdrawn
People are Living There 1968 Mille Miglia, film
The Last Bus
Boesman & Lena
1969 The Soul of the Ape by Eugene Marais
Woodstock festival
Neil Armstrong first man on moon
Friday´s Bread on Monday 1970  
Orestes 1971 Fugard´s passport returned
Statements after and arrest under the immorality act
Sizwe Bansi is Dead
1972 The Castaways by Sheila Fugard, novel
The Castaways, radio
Fugard works with Space Theatre in Cape Town
The Island
Equus by Peter Shaffer
1973  
  1974 Boesman and Lena, film
Dimetos
East by Steven Berkoff
1975 Breyten Breytenbach
Breyten Breytenbach imprisoned
Threshold by Sheila Fugard, poetry
Pol Pot regime and the killing Fields in Cambodia
  1976 Rite of Passage by Sheila Fugard, novel
Soweto riots
Helen Martins
Helen Martins (Mecca) dies
John Kani and Winston Ntshona arrested,
then released
Market Theatre founded by Barney Simon
and Mannie Manim 
  1977 The Guest, film
Hello and Goodbye, film
Steve Biko
Stephen Biko dies
A Lesson from Aloes 1978 Sizwe Bansi is Dead, film
P.W. Botha becomes prime minister (to  1989)
  1979 A Lesson from Aloes, film
Meetings with Remarkable Men, film

A Dry White Season by Andre Brink, novel
Margaret Thatcher elected prime minister,
Great Britain
The Drummer 1980 Marigolds in August, film
Tsotsi, novel, published
Robert Mugabe wins first free elections in Rhodesia, renamed Zimbabwe
Fugard´s mother Elizabeth dies
  1981 Sizwe Bansi is Dead, film
Master Harold...and the Boys
Top Girls by Caryl Churchill
1982 Gandhi, film
Fugard´s People, film
  1983 Notebooks published
J.M. Coetzee
novelist J.M. Coetzee wins Booker Prize
Tennessee Williams dies
The Road to Mecca 1984 The Killing Fields, film
P.W. Botha
P.W. Botha becomes president (to 1989)
Fences by August Wilson
Born in the RSA by Barney Simon
1985 Master Harold...and the Boys, film
Truths the Hands can Touch, biography

A Revolutionary Woman Sheila Fugard, novel
Live Aid concert
  1986 Wloe Soyinka
Wole Soyinka awarded Nobel Prize
Blood Knot
A Place with the Pigs
1987  
  1988 One Life to Live, film
Novelist Alan Paton dies
The Satanic Verses by Salman Rushdie, novel
My Children! My Africa! 1989 F.W. de Klerk
F.W. de Klerk becomes president (to 1994)
  1990 Namibia gains independence
Nelson Mandela released from prison
  1991 Nadime Gordimer
novelist Nadime Gordimer awarded Nobel Prize
for literature
Playland 1992 The Road to Mecca, film
  1993 In Darkest Hollywood, film
Nelson Mandela and F.W. de Klerk awarded
Nobel Peace Prize
My Life 1994 Cousins, a Memoir
Eugene Ionesco dies
Nelson Mandela
Nelson Mandela elected president (to 1999)
Sarah Kane
Blasted by Sarah Kane
Valley Song
1995  
  1996  
  1997 The Art of Influence, film
Princess Diana dies
The Captain's Tiger 1998  
  1999 Athol Fugard and Barney Simon, biography
Thabo Mbeki elected president
  2000 Boesman and Lena, film
Sorrows and Rejoicings 2001 911 terrorist attack
  2002  
  2003  
Exits and Entrances 2004  
  2005 Arthur Miller dies
Karoo
and other stories
Tsotsi the film
Booitjie and the Oubaas 2006  
Victory 2007  
  2008 Harold Pinter dies
    Coming Home 2009  

 

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